Which of the following are signs of hypothermia?

Shivering and confusion are characteristic signs of hypothermia. When the body loses heat faster than it can produce it, a person may exhibit shivering as an involuntary response to generate warmth. Confusion occurs due to the impact of cold temperatures on the brain, which can impair cognitive function. As the body temperature drops, mental status can change, leading to disorientation and confusion.

Other options present symptoms that can be related to a variety of different medical conditions. While nausea and vomiting can be associated with several issues, they are not direct indicators of hypothermia. Shortness of breath may suggest respiratory problems or other acute conditions rather than hypothermia. Similarly, headache and dizziness could point to dehydration, heat exhaustion, or other issues rather than specifically indicating hypothermia. In the context of hypothermia, shivering and confusion are the more definitive signs that help to identify this condition.