Which of the following are signs of anaphylaxis?

Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can occur quickly after exposure to an allergen. The correct answer encompasses critical symptoms that are hallmark indicators of this condition. Difficulty breathing is a significant sign of respiratory distress due to swelling in the airways or bronchi, which can obstruct airflow. Swelling of the face and throat is also indicative of anaphylaxis, as it reflects severe allergic reactions that can lead to significant complications. Additionally, a rapid pulse often occurs as the body responds to the stress of the allergic reaction, indicating an increase in cardiovascular activity.

The other symptoms listed are important in their own contexts but do not specifically represent the classic signs of anaphylaxis. For example, swelling of the limbs and joint pain may indicate a different allergic response or condition, dizziness and fainting can have various causes unrelated to anaphylaxis, and a pink rash and itching are more typical of milder allergic reactions such as hives. Understanding these distinctions is essential in recognizing and responding to emergencies effectively.