What does "signs and symptoms" refer to in first aid terminology?

In first aid terminology, "signs and symptoms" describes two distinct aspects of a patient's condition that responders need to understand for effective assessment and care. Signs are the observable indicators that can be seen or measured by someone else, such as a medical professional or a bystander. These might include things like bleeding, swelling, or unusual skin color. Symptoms, on the other hand, are the experiences reported by the casualty themselves, encompassing sensations such as pain, dizziness, or nausea. Recognizing the difference between what can be observed (signs) and what the patient feels and communicates (symptoms) is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment in first aid situations. This distinction allows first responders to gather comprehensive information that can inform further medical assistance.